1///|
2pub extern "c" fn find_char(haystack : type @string.StringView
A @string.View represents a view of a String that maintains proper Unicode
character boundaries. It allows safe access to a substring while handling
multi-byte characters correctly.
@string.View, needle : Char
Char) -> Int
Int? = "find_char"
3
4///|
5test "find_char" {
6 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("hello", 'h'), String
content="Some(0)")
7 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("hello", 'e'), String
content="Some(1)")
8 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("hello", 'o'), String
content="Some(4)")
9 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("hello", 'x'), String
content="None")
10}
11
12///|
13test "find_char/empty" {
14 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("", 'a'), String
content="None")
15 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char(" ", ' '), String
content="Some(0)")
16}
17
18///|
19test "find_char/unicode" {
20 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("你好", '你'), String
content="Some(0)")
21 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("你好", '好'), String
content="Some(1)")
22 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("hello世界", '世'), String
content="Some(5)")
23 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char("hello🌍", '🌍')String
, content="Some(5)")
24}
25
26///|
27test "find_char/fuzz" {
28 let Int
iter_num = 100
29 let Int
haystack_len = 500
30 let @random.Rand
rand = type @random.Rand
Rand is a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) that provides various
methods to generate random numbers of different types.
@random.Rand::(generator~ : &@random.Source = ..) -> @random.Rand
Create a new random number generator with a given [Gen] source.
new()
31 for _ in Int
0..<Int
iter_num {
32 let () -> Char
gen_char = fn() {
33 loop @random.Rand
rand.(self : @random.Rand, limit~ : UInt) -> UInt
[uint] returns a non-negative pseudo-random 32-bit integer as a Uint in the range [0, 2^32) or [0, limit) if limit is provided.
Arguments
limit - The upper bound (exclusive) of the random number to be generated (Optional).
When limit is 0, the range is [0, 2^32).
uint(UInt
limit=0x10FFFF) {
34 UInt
0..=0xD7FF | 0xE000..=0x10FFFF as cp =>
35 break UInt
cp.(self : UInt) -> Int
reinterpret the unsigned int as signed int
For number within the range of 0..=2^31-1,
the value is the same. For number within the range of 2^31..=2^32-1,
the value is negative
reinterpret_as_int().(self : Int) -> Char?
to_char().(self : Char?) -> Char
Extract the value in Some.
If the value is None, it throws a panic.
unwrap()
36 _ => continue @random.Rand
rand.(self : @random.Rand, limit~ : UInt) -> UInt
[uint] returns a non-negative pseudo-random 32-bit integer as a Uint in the range [0, 2^32) or [0, limit) if limit is provided.
Arguments
limit - The upper bound (exclusive) of the random number to be generated (Optional).
When limit is 0, the range is [0, 2^32).
uint(UInt
limit=0x10FFFF)
37 }
38 }
39 let Char
needle = () -> Char
gen_char()
40 let String
haystack_without_needle = (Array[Char]) -> String
String::(chars : Array[Char]) -> String
Convert char array to string.
let s = @string.from_array(['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'])
assert_eq(s, "Hello")
Do not convert large datas to Array[Char] and build a string with String::from_array.
For efficiency considerations, it's recommended to use Buffer instead.
from_array(
41 type Array[T]
An Array is a collection of values that supports random access and can
grow in size.
Array::(Int, (Int) -> Char) -> Array[Char]
Creates a new array of the specified length, where each element is
initialized using an index-based initialization function.
Parameters:
length : The length of the new array. If length is less than or equal
to 0, returns an empty array.initializer : A function that takes an index (starting from 0) and
returns a value of type T. This function is called for each index to
initialize the corresponding element.
Returns a new array of type Array[T] with the specified length, where each
element is initialized using the provided function.
Example:
test "Array::makei" {
let arr = Array::makei(3, fn(i) { i * 2 })
inspect(arr, content="[0, 2, 4]")
}
makei(Int
haystack_len, fn(_) {
42 loop () -> Char
gen_char() {
43 Char
char if Char
char (self : Char, other : Char) -> Bool
Compares two characters for equality.
Parameters:
self : The first character to compare.other : The second character to compare.
Returns true if both characters represent the same Unicode code point,
false otherwise.
Example:
test "Char::op_equal" {
let a = 'A'
let b = 'A'
let c = 'B'
inspect(a == b, content="true")
inspect(a == c, content="false")
}
== Char
needle => continue () -> Char
gen_char()
44 Char
char => break Char
char
45 }
46 }),
47 )
48 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect((haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char(String
haystack_without_needle, Char
needle), String
content="None")
49 let mut Int
target = 0
50 for Int
i in Int
0..<Int
haystack_len {
51 let Array[Char]
haystack_with_needle = String
haystack_without_needle.(self : String) -> Array[Char]
Converts the String into an array of Chars.
to_array()
52 Array[Char]
haystack_with_needle(Array[Char], Int, Char) -> Unit
Sets the element at the specified index in the array to a new value. The
original value at that index is overwritten.
Parameters:
array : The array to modify.index : The position in the array where the value will be set.value : The new value to assign at the specified index.
Throws an error if index is negative or greater than or equal to the length
of the array.
Example:
test "Array::op_set" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
arr[1] = 42
inspect(arr, content="[1, 42, 3]")
}
test "panic Array::op_set/out_of_bounds" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
arr[3] = 42 // Index out of bounds
}
[i] = Char
needle
53 let String
haystack_with_needle = (Array[Char]) -> String
String::(chars : Array[Char]) -> String
Convert char array to string.
let s = @string.from_array(['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'])
assert_eq(s, "Hello")
Do not convert large datas to Array[Char] and build a string with String::from_array.
For efficiency considerations, it's recommended to use Buffer instead.
from_array(Array[Char]
haystack_with_needle)
54 (obj : &Show, content~ : String, loc~ : SourceLoc = _, args_loc~ : ArgsLoc = _) -> Unit!InspectError
Tests if the string representation of an object matches the expected content.
Used primarily in test cases to verify the correctness of Show
implementations and program outputs.
Parameters:
object : The object to be inspected. Must implement the Show trait.content : The expected string representation of the object. Defaults to
an empty string.location : Source code location information for error reporting.
Automatically provided by the compiler.arguments_location : Location information for function arguments in
source code. Automatically provided by the compiler.
Throws an InspectError if the actual string representation of the object
does not match the expected content. The error message includes detailed
information about the mismatch, including source location and both expected
and actual values.
Example:
test "inspect/basic" {
inspect(42, content="42")
inspect("hello", content="hello")
inspect([1, 2, 3], content="[1, 2, 3]")
}
inspect(
55 (haystack : @string.StringView, needle : Char) -> Int?
find_char(String
haystack_with_needle, Char
needle),
56 String
content="Some(\{Int
target})",
57 )
58 match String
haystack_without_needleArray[Char]
Retrieves an element from the array at the specified index.
Parameters:
array : The array to get the element from.index : The position in the array from which to retrieve the element.
Returns the element at the specified index.
Throws a panic if the index is negative or greater than or equal to the
length of the array.
Example:
test "Array::op_get" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
inspect(arr[1], content="2")
}
test "panic Array::op_get/out_of_bounds" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
ignore(arr[3]) // Index out of bounds
}
.(self : String) -> Array[Char]
Converts the String into an array of Chars.
to_arrayArray[Char]
Retrieves an element from the array at the specified index.
Parameters:
array : The array to get the element from.index : The position in the array from which to retrieve the element.
Returns the element at the specified index.
Throws a panic if the index is negative or greater than or equal to the
length of the array.
Example:
test "Array::op_get" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
inspect(arr[1], content="2")
}
test "panic Array::op_get/out_of_bounds" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
ignore(arr[3]) // Index out of bounds
}
()(Array[Char], Int) -> Char
Retrieves an element from the array at the specified index.
Parameters:
array : The array to get the element from.index : The position in the array from which to retrieve the element.
Returns the element at the specified index.
Throws a panic if the index is negative or greater than or equal to the
length of the array.
Example:
test "Array::op_get" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
inspect(arr[1], content="2")
}
test "panic Array::op_get/out_of_bounds" {
let arr = [1, 2, 3]
ignore(arr[3]) // Index out of bounds
}
[i].(self : Char) -> Int
Converts a character to its Unicode code point value as an integer.
Parameters:
self : The character to be converted.
Returns an integer representing the Unicode code point value of the
character.
Example:
test "Char::to_int" {
inspect('A'.to_int(), content="65") // ASCII value of 'A'
inspect('あ'.to_int(), content="12354") // Unicode code point of 'あ'
}
to_int() {
59 0..=0xFFFF => Int
target (self : Int, other : Int) -> Int
Adds two 32-bit signed integers. Performs two's complement arithmetic, which
means the operation will wrap around if the result exceeds the range of a
32-bit integer.
Parameters:
self : The first integer operand.other : The second integer operand.
Returns a new integer that is the sum of the two operands. If the
mathematical sum exceeds the range of a 32-bit integer (-2,147,483,648 to
2,147,483,647), the result wraps around according to two's complement rules.
Example:
test "Int::op_add" {
inspect(42 + 1, content="43")
inspect(2147483647 + 1, content="-2147483648") // Overflow wraps around to minimum value
}
+= 1
60 _ => Int
target (self : Int, other : Int) -> Int
Adds two 32-bit signed integers. Performs two's complement arithmetic, which
means the operation will wrap around if the result exceeds the range of a
32-bit integer.
Parameters:
self : The first integer operand.other : The second integer operand.
Returns a new integer that is the sum of the two operands. If the
mathematical sum exceeds the range of a 32-bit integer (-2,147,483,648 to
2,147,483,647), the result wraps around according to two's complement rules.
Example:
test "Int::op_add" {
inspect(42 + 1, content="43")
inspect(2147483647 + 1, content="-2147483648") // Overflow wraps around to minimum value
}
+= 2
61 }
62 }
63 }
64}
65